UNIQ(1)

NAME
uniq - report or filter out repeated lines in a file

SYNOPSIS
uniq [-c] [-d | -u] [-i] [-f num] [-s chars] [ input_file [output_file]]

DESCRIPTION
The uniq utility reads the specified input_file comparing adjacent lines, and writes a copy of each unique input line to the output_file. If input_file is a single dash (‘-’) or absent, the standard input is read. If output_file is absent, standard output is used for output. The second and succeeding copies of identical adjacent input lines are not written. Repeated lines in the input will not be detected if they are not adjacent, so it may be necessary to sort the files first.

The following options are available:

-c, --count
    Precede each output line with the count of the number of times the line occurred in the input, followed by a single space.

-d, --repeated
    Only output lines that are repeated in the input.

-f num, --skip-fields num
    Ignore the first num fields in each input line when doing comparisons. A field is a string of non-blank characters separated from adjacent fields by blanks. Field numbers are one based, i.e., the first field is field one.

-i, --ignore-case
    Case insensitive comparison of lines.

-s chars, --skip-chars chars
    Ignore the first chars characters in each input line when doing comparisons. If specified in conjunction with the -f, --unique option, the first chars characters after the first num fields will be ignored. Character numbers are one based, i.e., the first character is character one.

-u, --unique
    Only output lines that are not repeated in the input.

ENVIRONMENT
The LANG, LC_ALL, LC_COLLATE and LC_CTYPE environment variables affect the execution of uniq as described in environ(7).

EXIT STATUS

COMPATIBILITY
The historic +number and -number options have been deprecated but are still supported in this implementation.

SEE ALSO
sort(1)

STANDARDS
The uniq utility conforms to p1003.1-2001 as amended by Cor. 1-2002.

HISTORY
A uniq command appeared in AT&T UNIX.