class Money

“Money is any object or record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts in a given socio-economic context or country.” -Wikipedia

An instance of Money represents an amount of a specific currency.

Money is a value object and should be treated as immutable.

@see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money

Constants

VERSION

Attributes

conversion_precision[RW]

@!attribute [rw] default_bank

@return [Money::Bank::Base] Each Money object is associated to a bank
  object, which is responsible for currency exchange. This property
  allows you to specify the default bank object. The default value for
  this property is an instance of +Bank::VariableExchange.+ It allows
  one to specify custom exchange rates.

@!attribute default_formatting_rules

@return [Hash] Use this to define a default hash of rules for every time
  +Money#format+ is called.  Rules provided on method call will be
  merged with the default ones.  To overwrite a rule, just provide the
  intended value while calling +format+.

@see +Money::Formatting#format+ for more details.

@example
  Money.default_formatting_rules = { display_free: true }
  Money.new(0, "USD").format                          # => "free"
  Money.new(0, "USD").format(display_free: false)  # => "$0.00"

@!attribute [rw] use_i18n

@return [Boolean] Use this to disable i18n even if it's used by other
  objects in your app.

@!attribute [rw] infinite_precision

@return [Boolean] Use this to enable infinite precision cents

@!attribute [rw] conversion_precision

@return [Integer] Use this to specify precision for converting Rational
  to BigDecimal

default_bank[RW]

@!attribute [rw] default_bank

@return [Money::Bank::Base] Each Money object is associated to a bank
  object, which is responsible for currency exchange. This property
  allows you to specify the default bank object. The default value for
  this property is an instance of +Bank::VariableExchange.+ It allows
  one to specify custom exchange rates.

@!attribute default_formatting_rules

@return [Hash] Use this to define a default hash of rules for every time
  +Money#format+ is called.  Rules provided on method call will be
  merged with the default ones.  To overwrite a rule, just provide the
  intended value while calling +format+.

@see +Money::Formatting#format+ for more details.

@example
  Money.default_formatting_rules = { display_free: true }
  Money.new(0, "USD").format                          # => "free"
  Money.new(0, "USD").format(display_free: false)  # => "$0.00"

@!attribute [rw] use_i18n

@return [Boolean] Use this to disable i18n even if it's used by other
  objects in your app.

@!attribute [rw] infinite_precision

@return [Boolean] Use this to enable infinite precision cents

@!attribute [rw] conversion_precision

@return [Integer] Use this to specify precision for converting Rational
  to BigDecimal

default_currency[W]

@attr_writer rounding_mode Use this to specify the rounding mode

@!attribute default_currency

@return [Money::Currency] The default currency, which is used when
  +Money.new+ is called without an explicit currency argument. The
  default value is Currency.new("USD"). The value must be a valid
  +Money::Currency+ instance.

default_formatting_rules[RW]

@!attribute [rw] default_bank

@return [Money::Bank::Base] Each Money object is associated to a bank
  object, which is responsible for currency exchange. This property
  allows you to specify the default bank object. The default value for
  this property is an instance of +Bank::VariableExchange.+ It allows
  one to specify custom exchange rates.

@!attribute default_formatting_rules

@return [Hash] Use this to define a default hash of rules for every time
  +Money#format+ is called.  Rules provided on method call will be
  merged with the default ones.  To overwrite a rule, just provide the
  intended value while calling +format+.

@see +Money::Formatting#format+ for more details.

@example
  Money.default_formatting_rules = { display_free: true }
  Money.new(0, "USD").format                          # => "free"
  Money.new(0, "USD").format(display_free: false)  # => "$0.00"

@!attribute [rw] use_i18n

@return [Boolean] Use this to disable i18n even if it's used by other
  objects in your app.

@!attribute [rw] infinite_precision

@return [Boolean] Use this to enable infinite precision cents

@!attribute [rw] conversion_precision

@return [Integer] Use this to specify precision for converting Rational
  to BigDecimal

infinite_precision[RW]

@!attribute [rw] default_bank

@return [Money::Bank::Base] Each Money object is associated to a bank
  object, which is responsible for currency exchange. This property
  allows you to specify the default bank object. The default value for
  this property is an instance of +Bank::VariableExchange.+ It allows
  one to specify custom exchange rates.

@!attribute default_formatting_rules

@return [Hash] Use this to define a default hash of rules for every time
  +Money#format+ is called.  Rules provided on method call will be
  merged with the default ones.  To overwrite a rule, just provide the
  intended value while calling +format+.

@see +Money::Formatting#format+ for more details.

@example
  Money.default_formatting_rules = { display_free: true }
  Money.new(0, "USD").format                          # => "free"
  Money.new(0, "USD").format(display_free: false)  # => "$0.00"

@!attribute [rw] use_i18n

@return [Boolean] Use this to disable i18n even if it's used by other
  objects in your app.

@!attribute [rw] infinite_precision

@return [Boolean] Use this to enable infinite precision cents

@!attribute [rw] conversion_precision

@return [Integer] Use this to specify precision for converting Rational
  to BigDecimal

locale_backend[RW]

@!attribute [rw] default_bank

@return [Money::Bank::Base] Each Money object is associated to a bank
  object, which is responsible for currency exchange. This property
  allows you to specify the default bank object. The default value for
  this property is an instance of +Bank::VariableExchange.+ It allows
  one to specify custom exchange rates.

@!attribute default_formatting_rules

@return [Hash] Use this to define a default hash of rules for every time
  +Money#format+ is called.  Rules provided on method call will be
  merged with the default ones.  To overwrite a rule, just provide the
  intended value while calling +format+.

@see +Money::Formatting#format+ for more details.

@example
  Money.default_formatting_rules = { display_free: true }
  Money.new(0, "USD").format                          # => "free"
  Money.new(0, "USD").format(display_free: false)  # => "$0.00"

@!attribute [rw] use_i18n

@return [Boolean] Use this to disable i18n even if it's used by other
  objects in your app.

@!attribute [rw] infinite_precision

@return [Boolean] Use this to enable infinite precision cents

@!attribute [rw] conversion_precision

@return [Integer] Use this to specify precision for converting Rational
  to BigDecimal

rounding_mode[W]

@attr_writer rounding_mode Use this to specify the rounding mode

@!attribute default_currency

@return [Money::Currency] The default currency, which is used when
  +Money.new+ is called without an explicit currency argument. The
  default value is Currency.new("USD"). The value must be a valid
  +Money::Currency+ instance.

use_i18n[RW]

@!attribute [rw] default_bank

@return [Money::Bank::Base] Each Money object is associated to a bank
  object, which is responsible for currency exchange. This property
  allows you to specify the default bank object. The default value for
  this property is an instance of +Bank::VariableExchange.+ It allows
  one to specify custom exchange rates.

@!attribute default_formatting_rules

@return [Hash] Use this to define a default hash of rules for every time
  +Money#format+ is called.  Rules provided on method call will be
  merged with the default ones.  To overwrite a rule, just provide the
  intended value while calling +format+.

@see +Money::Formatting#format+ for more details.

@example
  Money.default_formatting_rules = { display_free: true }
  Money.new(0, "USD").format                          # => "free"
  Money.new(0, "USD").format(display_free: false)  # => "$0.00"

@!attribute [rw] use_i18n

@return [Boolean] Use this to disable i18n even if it's used by other
  objects in your app.

@!attribute [rw] infinite_precision

@return [Boolean] Use this to enable infinite precision cents

@!attribute [rw] conversion_precision

@return [Integer] Use this to specify precision for converting Rational
  to BigDecimal

bank[R]

@!attribute [r] currency

@return [Currency] The money's currency.

@!attribute [r] bank

@return [Money::Bank::Base] The +Money::Bank+-based object which currency
  exchanges are performed with.

currency[R]

@!attribute [r] currency

@return [Currency] The money's currency.

@!attribute [r] bank

@return [Money::Bank::Base] The +Money::Bank+-based object which currency
  exchanges are performed with.

Public Class Methods

add_rate(from_currency, to_currency, rate) click to toggle source

Adds a new exchange rate to the default bank and return the rate.

@param [Currency, String, Symbol] from_currency Currency to exchange from. @param [Currency, String, Symbol] to_currency Currency to exchange to. @param [Numeric] rate Rate to exchange with.

@return [Numeric]

@example

Money.add_rate("USD", "CAD", 1.25) #=> 1.25

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 225
def self.add_rate(from_currency, to_currency, rate)
  Money.default_bank.add_rate(from_currency, to_currency, rate)
end

default_currency() click to toggle source

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 138
def self.default_currency
  if @default_currency.respond_to?(:call)
    Money::Currency.new(@default_currency.call)
  else
    Money::Currency.new(@default_currency)
  end
end

disallow_currency_conversion!() click to toggle source

Sets the default bank to be a SingleCurrency bank that raises on currency exchange. Useful when apps operate in a single currency at a time.

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 231
def self.disallow_currency_conversion!
  self.default_bank = Bank::SingleCurrency.instance
end

from_amount(amount, currency = default_currency, bank = default_bank) click to toggle source

Creates a new Money object of value given in the unit of the given currency.

@param [Numeric] amount The numerical value of the money. @param [Currency, String, Symbol] currency The currency format. @param [Money::Bank::*] bank The exchange bank to use.

@example

Money.from_amount(23.45, "USD") # => #<Money fractional:2345 currency:USD>
Money.from_amount(23.45, "JPY") # => #<Money fractional:23 currency:JPY>

@return [Money]

@see initialize

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 249
def self.from_amount(amount, currency = default_currency, bank = default_bank)
  raise ArgumentError, "'amount' must be numeric" unless Numeric === amount

  currency = Currency.wrap(currency) || Money.default_currency
  value = amount.to_d * currency.subunit_to_unit
  value = value.round(0, rounding_mode) unless infinite_precision
  new(value, currency, bank)
end

inherited(base) click to toggle source

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 183
def self.inherited(base)
  base.setup_defaults
end

locale_backend=(value) click to toggle source

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 146
def self.locale_backend=(value)
  @locale_backend = value ? LocaleBackend.find(value) : nil
end

new(obj, currency = Money.default_currency, bank = Money.default_bank) click to toggle source

Creates a new Money object of value given in the +fractional unit+ of the given currency.

Alternatively you can use the convenience methods like {Money.ca_dollar} and {Money.us_dollar}.

@param [Object] obj Either the fractional value of the money,

a Money object, or a currency. (If passed a currency as the first
argument, a Money will be created in that currency with fractional value
= 0.

@param [Currency, String, Symbol] currency The currency format. @param [Money::Bank::*] bank The exchange bank to use.

@return [Money]

@example

Money.new(100)        #=> #<Money @fractional=100 @currency="USD">
Money.new(100, "USD") #=> #<Money @fractional=100 @currency="USD">
Money.new(100, "EUR") #=> #<Money @fractional=100 @currency="EUR">

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 278
def initialize(obj, currency = Money.default_currency, bank = Money.default_bank)
  @fractional = obj.respond_to?(:fractional) ? obj.fractional : as_d(obj)
  @currency   = obj.respond_to?(:currency) ? obj.currency : Currency.wrap(currency)
  @currency ||= Money.default_currency
  @bank       = obj.respond_to?(:bank) ? obj.bank : bank
end

rounding_mode(mode = nil) { || ... } click to toggle source

Use this to return the rounding mode. You may also pass a rounding mode and a block to temporarily change it. It will then return the results of the block instead.

@param [BigDecimal::ROUND_MODE] mode

@return [BigDecimal::ROUND_MODE,Yield] rounding mode or block results

@example

fee = Money.rounding_mode(BigDecimal::ROUND_HALF_UP) do
  Money.new(1200) * BigDecimal('0.029')
end

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 201
def self.rounding_mode(mode = nil)
  if mode.nil?
    Thread.current[:money_rounding_mode] || @rounding_mode
  else
    begin
      Thread.current[:money_rounding_mode] = mode
      yield
    ensure
      Thread.current[:money_rounding_mode] = nil
    end
  end
end

setup_defaults() click to toggle source

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 160
def self.setup_defaults
  # Set the default bank for creating new +Money+ objects.
  self.default_bank = Bank::VariableExchange.instance

  # Set the default currency for creating new +Money+ object.
  self.default_currency = Currency.new("USD")

  # Default to using i18n
  @use_i18n = true

  # Default to using legacy locale backend
  self.locale_backend = :legacy

  # Default to not using infinite precision cents
  self.infinite_precision = false

  # Default to bankers rounding
  self.rounding_mode = BigDecimal::ROUND_HALF_EVEN

  # Default the conversion of Rationals precision to 16
  self.conversion_precision = 16
end

use_i18n=(value) click to toggle source

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 150
def self.use_i18n=(value)
  if value
    warn '[DEPRECATION] `use_i18n` is deprecated - use `Money.locale_backend = :i18n` instead for locale based formatting'
  else
    warn '[DEPRECATION] `use_i18n` is deprecated - use `Money.locale_backend = :currency` instead for currency based formatting'
  end

  @use_i18n = value
end

Public Instance Methods

allocate(parts) click to toggle source

Splits a given amount in parts without loosing pennies. The left-over pennies will be distributed round-robin amongst the parties. This means that parties listed first will likely receive more pennies than ones that are listed later.

@param [Array<Numeric>, Numeric] pass [2, 1, 1] to give twice as much to party1 as party2 or party3 which results in 50% of the cash to party1, 25% to party2, and 25% to party3. Passing a number instead of an array will split the amount evenly (without loosing pennies when rounding).

@return [Array<Money>]

@example

Money.new(5,   "USD").allocate([3, 7]) #=> [Money.new(2), Money.new(3)]
Money.new(100, "USD").allocate([1, 1, 1]) #=> [Money.new(34), Money.new(33), Money.new(33)]
Money.new(100, "USD").allocate(2) #=> [Money.new(50), Money.new(50)]
Money.new(100, "USD").allocate(3) #=> [Money.new(34), Money.new(33), Money.new(33)]

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 521
def allocate(parts)
  amounts = Money::Allocation.generate(fractional, parts, !Money.infinite_precision)
  amounts.map { |amount| self.class.new(amount, currency) }
end

Also aliased as: split

amount() click to toggle source

Returns the numerical value of the money

@return [BigDecimal]

@example

Money.new(1_00, "USD").amount    # => BigDecimal("1.00")

@see to_d @see fractional

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 314
def amount
  to_d
end

as_ca_dollar() click to toggle source

Receive a money object with the same amount as the current Money object in Canadian dollar.

@return [Money]

@example

n = Money.new(100, "USD").as_ca_dollar
n.currency #=> #<Money::Currency id: cad>

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 489
def as_ca_dollar
  exchange_to("CAD")
end

as_euro() click to toggle source

Receive a money object with the same amount as the current Money object in euro.

@return [Money]

@example

n = Money.new(100, "USD").as_euro
n.currency #=> #<Money::Currency id: eur>

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 501
def as_euro
  exchange_to("EUR")
end

as_us_dollar() click to toggle source

Receive a money object with the same amount as the current Money object in United States dollar.

@return [Money]

@example

n = Money.new(100, "CAD").as_us_dollar
n.currency #=> #<Money::Currency id: usd>

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 477
def as_us_dollar
  exchange_to("USD")
end

cents() click to toggle source

Convenience method for fractional part of the amount. Synonym of fractional

@return [Integer] when infinite_precision is false @return [BigDecimal] when infinite_precision is true

@see infinite_precision

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 33
def cents
  fractional
end

currency_as_string() click to toggle source

Return string representation of currency object

@return [String]

@example

Money.new(100, :USD).currency_as_string #=> "USD"

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 324
def currency_as_string
  warn "[DEPRECATION] `currency_as_string` is deprecated. Please use `.currency.to_s` instead."
  currency.to_s
end

currency_as_string=(val) click to toggle source

Set currency object using a string

@param [String] val The currency string.

@return [Money::Currency]

@example

Money.new(100).currency_as_string("CAD") #=> #<Money::Currency id: cad>

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 337
def currency_as_string=(val)
  warn "[DEPRECATION] `currency_as_string=` is deprecated - Money instances are immutable." \
    " Please use `with_currency` instead."
  @currency = Currency.wrap(val)
end

decimal_mark() click to toggle source

Returns a decimal mark according to the locale

@return [String]

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 570
def decimal_mark
  (locale_backend && locale_backend.lookup(:decimal_mark, currency)) ||
    Money::Formatter::DEFAULTS[:decimal_mark]
end

dollars() click to toggle source

Assuming using a currency using dollars: Returns the value of the money in dollars, instead of in the fractional unit cents.

Synonym of amount

@return [BigDecimal]

@example

Money.new(1_00, "USD").dollars   # => BigDecimal("1.00")

@see amount @see to_d @see cents

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 300
def dollars
  amount
end

exchange_to(other_currency, &rounding_method) click to toggle source

Receive the amount of this money object in another Currency.

@param [Currency, String, Symbol] other_currency Currency to exchange to.

@yield [n] Optional block to use when rounding after exchanging one currency

for another.

@yieldparam [Float] n The resulting float after exchanging one currency for

another.

@yieldreturn [Integer]

@return [Money]

@example

Money.new(2000, "USD").exchange_to("EUR")
Money.new(2000, "USD").exchange_to("EUR") {|x| x.round}
Money.new(2000, "USD").exchange_to(Currency.new("EUR"))

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 460
def exchange_to(other_currency, &rounding_method)
  other_currency = Currency.wrap(other_currency)
  if self.currency == other_currency
    self
  else
    @bank.exchange_with(self, other_currency, &rounding_method)
  end
end

format(*rules) click to toggle source

Creates a formatted price string according to several rules.

@param [Hash] See Money::Formatter for the list of formatting options

@return [String]

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 553
def format(*rules)
  Money::Formatter.new(self, *rules).to_s
end

fractional() click to toggle source

The value of the monetary amount represented in the fractional or subunit of the currency.

For example, in the US dollar currency the fractional unit is cents, and there are 100 cents in one US dollar. So given the Money representation of one US dollar, the fractional interpretation is 100.

Another example is that of the Kuwaiti dinar. In this case the fractional unit is the fils and there 1000 fils to one Kuwaiti dinar. So given the Money representation of one Kuwaiti dinar, the fractional interpretation is 1000.

@return [Integer] when infinite_precision is false @return [BigDecimal] when infinite_precision is true

@see infinite_precision

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 53
def fractional
  # Ensure we have a BigDecimal. If the Money object is created
  # from YAML, @fractional can end up being set to a Float.
  fractional = as_d(@fractional)

  return_value(fractional)
end

hash() click to toggle source

Returns a Integer hash value based on the fractional and currency attributes in order to use functions like & (intersection), group_by, etc.

@return [Integer]

@example

Money.new(100).hash #=> 908351

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 350
def hash
  [fractional.hash, currency.hash].hash
end

inspect() click to toggle source

Common inspect function

@return [String]

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 367
def inspect
  "#<#{self.class.name} fractional:#{fractional} currency:#{currency}>"
end

round(rounding_mode = self.class.rounding_mode, rounding_precision = 0) click to toggle source

Round the monetary amount to smallest unit of coinage.

@note

This method is only useful when operating with infinite_precision turned
on. Without infinite_precision values are rounded to the smallest unit of
coinage automatically.

@return [Money]

@example

Money.new(10.1, 'USD').round #=> Money.new(10, 'USD')

@see

Money.infinite_precision

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 542
def round(rounding_mode = self.class.rounding_mode, rounding_precision = 0)
  rounded_amount = as_d(@fractional).round(rounding_precision, rounding_mode)
  self.class.new(rounded_amount, currency, bank)
end

round_to_nearest_cash_value() click to toggle source

Round a given amount of money to the nearest possible amount in cash value. For example, in Swiss franc (CHF), the smallest possible amount of cash value is CHF 0.05. Therefore, this method rounds CHF 0.07 to CHF 0.05, and CHF 0.08 to CHF 0.10.

@return [Integer] when infinite_precision is false @return [BigDecimal] when infinite_precision is true

@see infinite_precision

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 70
def round_to_nearest_cash_value
  unless self.currency.smallest_denomination
    raise UndefinedSmallestDenomination, 'Smallest denomination of this currency is not defined'
  end

  fractional = as_d(@fractional)
  smallest_denomination = as_d(self.currency.smallest_denomination)
  rounded_value = (fractional / smallest_denomination).round(0, self.class.rounding_mode) * smallest_denomination

  return_value(rounded_value)
end

split(parts)

Alias for: allocate

symbol() click to toggle source

Uses +Currency#symbol+. If nil is returned, defaults to “¤”.

@return [String]

@example

Money.new(100, "USD").symbol #=> "$"

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 360
def symbol
  currency.symbol || "¤"
end

thousands_separator() click to toggle source

Returns a thousands separator according to the locale

@return [String]

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 561
def thousands_separator
  (locale_backend && locale_backend.lookup(:thousands_separator, currency)) ||
    Money::Formatter::DEFAULTS[:thousands_separator]
end

to_d() click to toggle source

Return the amount of money as a BigDecimal.

@return [BigDecimal]

@example

Money.us_dollar(1_00).to_d #=> BigDecimal("1.00")

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 390
def to_d
  as_d(fractional) / as_d(currency.subunit_to_unit)
end

to_f() click to toggle source

Return the amount of money as a float. Floating points cannot guarantee precision. Therefore, this function should only be used when you no longer need to represent currency or working with another system that requires floats.

@return [Float]

@example

Money.us_dollar(100).to_f #=> 1.0

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 413
def to_f
  to_d.to_f
end

to_i() click to toggle source

Return the amount of money as a Integer.

@return [Integer]

@example

Money.us_dollar(1_00).to_i #=> 1

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 400
def to_i
  to_d.to_i
end

to_money(given_currency = nil) click to toggle source

Conversion to self.

@return [self]

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 435
def to_money(given_currency = nil)
  given_currency = Currency.wrap(given_currency)
  if given_currency.nil? || self.currency == given_currency
    self
  else
    exchange_to(given_currency)
  end
end

to_s() click to toggle source

Returns the amount of money as a string.

@return [String]

@example

Money.ca_dollar(100).to_s #=> "1.00"

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 377
def to_s
  format thousands_separator: '',
         no_cents_if_whole: currency.decimal_places == 0,
         symbol: false,
         ignore_defaults: true
end

with_currency(new_currency) click to toggle source

Returns a new Money instance in a given currency leaving the amount intact and not performing currency conversion.

@param [Currency, String, Symbol] new_currency Currency of the new object.

@return [self]

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 423
def with_currency(new_currency)
  new_currency = Currency.wrap(new_currency)
  if !new_currency || currency == new_currency
    self
  else
    self.class.new(fractional, new_currency, bank)
  end
end

Private Instance Methods

as_d(num) click to toggle source

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 577
def as_d(num)
  if num.respond_to?(:to_d)
    num.is_a?(Rational) ? num.to_d(self.class.conversion_precision) : num.to_d
  else
    BigDecimal(num.to_s.empty? ? 0 : num.to_s)
  end
end

locale_backend() click to toggle source

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 593
def locale_backend
  self.class.locale_backend
end

return_value(value) click to toggle source

# File lib/money/money.rb, line 585
def return_value(value)
  if self.class.infinite_precision
    value
  else
    value.round(0, self.class.rounding_mode).to_i
  end
end